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ART
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MACROSCHEMATIC ART
ARTE LEVANTINO
ARTE ESQUEMÁTICO
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7.000 years ago, with the begining of neolithic life in our lands, a series of artistical signs appear that represent a new magic-religious mentality.
Three kina of neolithic cave paintings art can be pointed to: Macroschematic Art, Levantian Art and Schematic Art, among them there are some differences: formal, stylistic, technical and, in part, chronological. They might be a consequence of cultural diversity of human groups who live together in our lands during the Neolithic.
The Neolithic Art is an open air art, made on rocky shelter’s walls of very little deepness, but a very similar decoration to this cave painting can be found in ceramic glasses, if not identical.
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 MACROSCHEMATIC ART
Chronology: It is related to the first farming and cattle-raising communities that settled in our lanas 7.000 years ago.
Motives: Human figures and geometric motives are one of the predominant themes.
In human figures representations, the most important ones are, undoubtedly, those that raise their arms with their hand open in an attitude of prayer. The head is represented by a figure of an oval tendency, sometimes finished with a series of small perpendicular lines that seem to be rays or horns. The trunk is solved by a thick vertical line, without any anatomical detail, or with thick strokes that delimit the outer outline of the figure.
Among the geometric motives¸ the most abundant and characteristic ones are the thick winding lines like vertical serpentiform, whose upper ends present an enlargement or radial endings that remind very much those of anthropomorphics. Technique: The most commonly used technique is always dark red paint. It is a dense paint and it sometimes makes difficult the identification the stroke lines.
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LEVANTINE ART
Cronology: They were made between the V and IV millenium BC.
Motives: Human and animal figures appear isolated or forming scenes. One of the most common ones is the hunting scene, and in to a lesser extent the ones of groups of bowmen marching, fighting or taking part in balls. Besides, everyday life moments are represented in which men, women and children takek part in several actions, such as the well-known honey harvesting scene in Cueva de la Araña de Bicorp (Valencia).
Human figures are represented in a very stylized way, but with a lot of expressiveness.
Men are naked or with a kina of shorts. Ornaments such as feathers, hats, diadems, bracelets and ribbons that are hanging from the elbows, legs and waist and they are usually wearing bows and arrows.
Women, represented in a lesser number, appear in many cases with a long bell-shaped skirt and ornamented with ribbons on the arms.
Animals are represented in a very realistic way and with anatomic detail. Deers, horses, goats, aurochs and other carnivorous animals appear, in many occassions injured by arrows.
Technique: The technique used is always red Saint and to a lesser extent black and white.
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SCHEMATIC ART
Cronology: There is an ancient Schematic Art that was made during the V millenium and more recent second one dated on the III millenium.
Motives: The characteristic that best defines this art is graphic symplicity.
Human figure is represented in its more elemental way as a vertical bar that in some occasions is extended to represent the head and the sex; two curved strokes towards the bottom represent the arms and the legs.
Animals are painted or engraved with the same graphic symplicity, an horizontal bar is the body, the head and the tail and four perpendicular parallel strokes are the extremities. In some occasions horns and antlers are added, which allows the identification of these figures as deers, goats or bulls.
Some other motives appear such as serpentiform, zigzags, suns, idols and geometric representations, such as bars, points and circles.
Technique: Apart from painting in this art the engraving is also used.
The paint is red, although there are also orange, black and white pigments. The engraving technique is made punching the rock and creating wide and irregular grooves.
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